Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.chuka.ac.ke/handle/chuka/239
Browse
Browsing Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences by Title
Now showing 1 - 20 of 127
- Results Per Page
- Sort Options
Item A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF KENYA’S BUILDING BRIDGES INITIATIVE SPEECHES(Chuka University, 2023-10) GITONGA EURIDISE NKATHALanguage is vital in communication between people. People understand each other through shared knowledge between the speaker and the hearer. It is a major mechanism within the process of social construction, seen as an instrument for consolidating, manipulating concepts, seek attention, create relationships in the area of power, and use it as tool to control the society. Anchored in Critical Discourse Analysis theoretically, this study shed light on the crucial use of language in the society. The study sought to explain specific linguistic ways in which language is used to represent an instrument of control and manifest symbolic power in the Kenya’s Building Bridges initiative speeches. The study developed and proposed various strategies of (de) legitimization employed by political leaders in Kenya to justify their course of action regarding the Building Bridges initiative. The study was guided by two objectives; to analyze how political actors (de) legitimize the Building Bridges Initiative in Kenya and to analyze how political actors, use language to create a Kenyan identity through the Building Bridges Initiative discourse. Qualitative research methodology was used in this study, of which the descriptive survey method was employed for the analysis of data. YouTube videos of speeches made by specific political actors regarding the Building Bridges Initiative since November 2019 to 2021 were purposively sampled, transcribed and analyzed in their written form. De(legitimization) strategies were identified until saturation point was reached where no new strategies were being generated without resulting to redundancy. These were then categorized into thematic areas in accordance to the objectives of the study. The study established that strategies used by politicians in (de)legitimizing BBI were; authorization, rationalization, moral evaluation, and mythopoeic. It also established that majority of the speakers used language to attract attention, and advance ideologies that created a Kenyan identity. The study found that Kenya’s identity was to a large extent shaped negatively in the BBI discourse with only two out of the six having a positive orientation. These included: Kenya as a nation in need of national conversation, Kenya as a country struggling with tribalism and corruption and Kenya as a peaceful country with fairness and inclusivity. The information gathered in this study is useful to linguists since it provides them with ways to understand the language of politicians world over. Politicians may use language with hidden meaning that needs unravelling. Therefore, this study offers some of the ways of understanding and disambiguating what the politicians really say in their speeches. From the findings of this research, the researcher suggests the following areas for interested scholars: A study on creation of identity using other theories for example politeness theory, speech acts theory, or conceptual metaphor theory.Item A History of Social Exclusion and Poverty of the Thagichu of Igembe Sub - County, Meru County from 1907 to 1962(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT, 2016-08) Kithinji, Caroline Mucece, Okelo,David O. and Kaburi, Muriungi ColombaThis study is on social exclusion and poverty of the Thagichu of Igembe Sub - County, Meru County in Kenya from 1907 to1962. The study traces the history of social exclusion of the Thagichu from the colonial epoch of the years1907 to 1962. Kenyan Government strategies towards alleviation of social exclusion and poverty between 2013 1nd 2015 are also explored. The study was guided by the theories of Underdevelopment, Materialistic Conception of History and Social Darwinism. The study employed the descriptive research design. Data was collected from oral, archival and secondary sources. A total of 50 people were purposively sampled and interviewed. Data from oral sources was corroborated with data from archival and secondary sources. The major findings of this research are that the Thagichu have been socially excluded by the colonial Government. This exclusion was noted in inadequate infrastructure like roads, schools, hospitals and lack of access to social services like banks compared to other areas of Meru County. The study also established that the government has come up with strategies that could help in tackling social exclusion and poverty of the Thagichu. Such strategies are building more educational facilities, provision of free primary and day secondary education, adult and continuing education, non-formal education and provision of educational funds through the constituency development fund and Affirmative Action Social Development Fund. Other strategies aimed at poverty alleviation are establishment of road networks, land adjudication, presence of NGOs, provision of formal employment, Health facilities, growth of an urban centre and Provision of electricity. This study has contributed to the Thagichu historiographyItem ANALYSIS OF CROSS-METAPHORICAL COHERENCE IN G𝑰̃CHUKA SOCIAL DISCOURSE(Chuka University, 2022-09) Miriti, EmiseABSTRACT This study analyzed the different metaphors used in various G𝑖̃chuka speech events with particular focus on coherence in metaphors and the influence of social context on metaphor use. The aim of this study was to investigate how Gĩchuka social discourse is systematically structured by metaphor. Metaphor determines how people think, speak and how they create and understand their world. Metaphor overlap creates both metaphorical and disourse coherence which makes comprehension better. The objectives of this study were: to discuss the metaphors used to conceptualize various aspects of life in Gĩchuka social discourse; to analyze coherence in Gĩchuka social discourse and to establish how social context influences metaphor use in Gĩchuka social discourse. This study was guided by the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) by Lakoff and Johnson. It employed purposive sampling of eleven Gĩchuka speech events which included: a dowry negotiation ceremony, funeral arrangement and burial ceremony, a religious meeting, a table banking activity (chama), a funds drive, a work activity, a birthday occasion, a house warming accasion, a home coming occasion for an initiate, a community charity meeting and a thanks- giving occasion to parents. Different and unrelated speech events which cut across the main Gĩchuka social domains were selected with the aim of eliciting varied metaphors by which phenomena is conceptualized in Gĩchuka social discourse. Pile Sort Tasks were used to group the data for analysis, and the various metaphors were identified using the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit (MIPVU). This study found Gĩchuka social discourse to be highly motivated by metaphor. Ontological metaphors were the most predominantly used metaphors in Gĩchuka social discourse. The JOURNEY metaphor was found to be used simultaneously with most metaphors to create coherence within the discourse and among metaphors. The study establishes that the social context plays a significant role in metaphor use in Gĩchuka social discourse. This study deepens the understanding of the nature of metaphors that motivate Gĩchuka social discourse. The metaphors highlighted in this study will be useful for cross-culture studies. This study contributes to knowledge in cognitive linguistics by conventionalizing and invigorating the use of metaphors in Gĩchuka social discourse, which increases vitality in African languages.Item BLIS 402: MARKETING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES(Chuka University, 2024-12-19) Chuka UniversityItem BMET 230: MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY(Chuka University, 2023-12-19) Chuka UniversityItem BOTA 131: GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY(Chuka University, 2023-12-19) Chuka UniversityItem CDEV 436: FAMILY LAWS AND POLICIES(Chuka University, 2024-12-19) Chuka UniversityItem CDEV 00150: RESEARCH METHODS(0023-04-13) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 0100: FUNDAMENTALS OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT(Chuka University, 2024-12-16)Item CDEV 0141: PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT(0023-04-13) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 0205: NETWORKING, LOBBYING AND ADVOCACY(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11-04) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 212: COMMUNITY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-08-28) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 212: COMMUNITY RESOURCE MANAGEMENT(Chuka University, 2024-12-16) Chuka UniversityItem CDEV 220: CRIME AND DEVELOPMENT(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-04-13) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 222: COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-04-12) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 224: COLLECTIVE MOVEMENTS IN COMMUNITIES(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-04-13) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 225: GROUP DYNAMICS(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-08-03) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 253: ECONOMIC PLANNING DEVELOPMENT(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-04-13) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CDEV 301: SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY I(CHUKA UNIVERSITY, 2023-04-11) CHUKA UNIVERSITYItem CHANGING TRENDS IN MALE CIRCUMCISION RITE AMONG THE AMERU OF IMENTI SOUTH, KENYA (1939 - 2016)(Chuka University, 2023-10) ISAAC KATHIOMale circumcision rite of initiation has been discussed, but the reality of the Ameru's practice has not been sufficiently presented. Due to the secrecy surrounding the procedure, researchers had frequently stated that it was impossible to understand circumcision among the Ameru. Over the years, the rite has been performed in a customary manner by the Bukusu, Maasai, Pokot, Agikuyu, and the Ameru. In the 1950s, the Ameru community in Imenti South Sub-County embarked on the modernization of their ancient male initiation rite of circumcision. To accurately capture the customary circumcision ritual, the study spanned from 1939 to 2016, and the findings have been classified and presented in two distinct periods: 1939 to 1950 and 1950 to 2016. The primary objective of periodization was to document the traditional rite of passage among Ameru males, observe shifting trends, and explore the implications of transitioning from the traditional to the modern approach in male circumcision. The study specifically focused on Ameru participants residing in Imenti South Sub-County, where the target population consisted of 61,091 men across three divisions. To ensure a representative sample, 50 respondents were selected using random sampling procedure. The research employed various research instruments such as focus groups, observation, and interview schedules. Data collection involved utilizing secondary sources, archival records, and oral accounts. The validity and reliability of the study was maintained by cross-referencing data from oral sources with information obtained from archival and secondary sources. Frequency tables were used to depict quantitative data after it had been analysed using frequencies and percentages. The Modernization Theory (MT) served as the foundation for the investigation. The goal of modernization theory was to explain how societies can evolve and advance by gradually shifting from "traditional" to "modern" social structures. The study finding was that the era of colonization, spread of Christianity, schooling and urbanization was responsible for alterations in male circumcision for example waning of the concept of "one knife, one blood, and one field". In addition, the type of instruction provided, the resources used, seclusion, the method of circumcision, and the commercialization of circumcision have all changed since civilizations are dynamic. The study recommended that the government's cultural ministries regularly educate the general public through advocacy and seminars in order to embrace a change in attitude towards circumcision to easily embrace the choice other community members make. It also recommended the need to build synergy between traditional and modern circumcision through inclusion of culturaly accepted initiation practices into the modern practice. This is crucial for encouraging peaceful cohabitation amongst the followers of the two events. The study suggested further research on impact of changes in circumcision on the future of African cultural values and the need of an indepth look on the feasibility of blending worthwhile aspects of traditional circumcision into modern circumcision.