Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

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Browsing Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences by Author "Caroline Mucece Kithinji"

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    A History of The Presbyterian Church Of East Africa in The Eastern Region (1915 To 2022)
    (Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2024-11-16) Lucy Muthoni Mwindi; Dickson Nkonge Kagema; Caroline Mucece Kithinji
    The study sought to determine the impact of the Presbyterian Church of East Africa in the Eastern Region from 1915 to 2022. PCEA was introduced in the Eastern Region by the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM) in 1915. The Eastern Region was the third mission area after Kikuyu and Tumutumu. Their mission strategy was holistic in nature, combining evangelism, education, medical and industrial work. Since its inception, PCEA has been involved in transforming the socio-political and economic lives of people in the Eastern Region. There is a paucity of scholarly work on the impact of other missionaries like the Methodists, the Roman Catholics and the Anglicans in Meru, but that of PCEA is conspicuously missing. Thus, there is a need for this kind of study. Data was collected by descriptive survey research design. Data was collected and analysed from 376 church members, 53 church ministers and 9 presbytery moderators. The study established that PCEA has had both negative and positive impacts on the transformation of the people in the Eastern Region. The study recommends that PCEA should improve on the management and supervision of its institutions to ensure they serve the purpose for which they were established.
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    Assessment of the socio-political and economic impact of the Presbyterian Church of East Africa in the Eastern region from 1915 to 2022
    (Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2024-09-20) Lucy Muthoni Mwindi; Dickson Nkonge Kagema(2); Caroline Mucece Kithinji
    The study sought to determine the impact of the Presbyterian Church of East Africa in the Eastern Region from 1915 to 2022. PCEA was introduced in the Eastern Region by the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM) in 1915. The Eastern Region was the third mission area after Kikuyu and Tumutumu. Their mission strategy was holistic in nature, combining evangelism, education, medical and industrial work. Since its inception, PCEA has been involved in transforming the socio-political and economic lives of people in the Eastern Region. There is a paucity of scholarly work on the impact of other missionaries like the Methodists, the Roman Catholics and the Anglicans in Meru, but that of PCEA is conspicuously missing. Thus, there is a need for this kind of study. Data was collected by descriptive survey research design. Data was collected and analysed from 376 church members, 53 church ministers and 9 presbytery moderators. The study established that PCEA has had both negative and positive impacts on the transformation of the people in the Eastern Region. The study recommends that PCEA should improve on the management and supervision of its institutions to ensure they serve the purpose for which they were established.
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    The Aembu access to land and labour systems on food crop production and food security up to 1906
    (Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2024-09-16) Mbogo Mary Wangai; Caroline Mucece Kithinji; Muraya Martha(
    This study sought to analyse how the pre-colonial Aembu organised their land and labour systems in food crop production for guaranteed household food security up to 1906. The pre-colonial African societies had either matrilineal or patrilineal systems of land ownership, while labour was gender specific. The study employed a descriptive research design. The study was conducted in Embu East, Embu West and Embu North sub-counties of the larger Embu County. Purposive sampling with a snowballing technique was applied to get 50 respondents who were interviewed from a target population of 16,144. The study corroborated data from oral, archival records and secondary sources. The findings were that the pre-colonial Aembu food crop producers had elaborate systems of land rights and land use under clan heads. The land access system accommodated practices like shifting cultivation and intercropping; the pre-colonial division of labour in food crop production combined all household members and those other forms of labour like communal, paid and corporate were sourced from outside the household. The study concluded that the pre-colonial Aembu were food secure in spite of occasional rainfall failure, locust invasion and warfare, while the articulation of pre-colonial and capitalist land and labour systems exposed the society members to food insecurity. The study contributed to the pre-colonial social, political and economic historiography of the Aembu people. The study recommends that the post-colonial government should employ strategies that can be effectively used to mitigate food crop production insecurity by focusing on the adoption of various traditional methods of land and labour access.