Engineering

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    Design and Implementation of a Transformer Vandalism Monitoring System
    (Science Publishing Group, 2018-01-02) Kirunguru, Erick Kithinji; Huang, Qi; Ayambire, Patrick Nyaaba
    Transformer vandalism is becoming an alarming issue in the whole world. Power distribution companies are incurring losses of billions of money due to transformer vandalism. This paper is going to contributes to the design and implementation of a transformer vandalism monitoring system architecture that can be used by the power companies to deter or monitor the transformers against vandals. It is going to design a monitoring system that can be able to detect the presence of a vandal near the transformer, raise the alarm and send a message/call the control room officers or security officers in designated areas for response. The paper is going to have an algorithm that will be able to show the transformer location, transformer number and the necessary authorities near the transformer. The monitoring system will be a combination of Arduino hardware with Integrated Development Environment (IDE) program, sensors, and GSM for mobile communications. In this paper, the case study will be Kenya Power Company, a state utility company that is responsible for distributing electricity to consumers, emergency electricity services and lastly retails the electricity in Kenya.
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    Performance of Adaptive Bandwidth Allocation for Multimedia Handover Services in UMTS mobile Cellular Networks
    (Jommo Kenyatta University of Science and Technology, 2016-05-03) Omosa, Edwin; Kibet, Langat; Musyoki, Stephen
    With the ever growing multimedia services in the telecommunicationindustry, Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in cellular networksis becoming more challenging. Studies have suggested that QoSrequirements can be met by increasing network capacity throughadopting micro/pico/femto-cellular architectures. A consequence ofusing small cell sizes is the increased rate of call handovers asmobile terminals move between cells. In a network supportingmultimedia services, the increased rate of call handovers not onlyincreases the signalling load on the network, but also adverselyaffects the QoS through sky rocketing handover failures. Forseamless connection, one of the solutions will be adequate provisionof resources like bandwidth. Moreover, bandwidth being a scarceresource, it should be used efficiently.As the world migrates fromAsynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) transport to Internet Protocol (IP)in UMTS Radio Access Networks (UTRAN), it will introduce morechallenges in assigning bandwidth to multimedia services. This istrue as IP is of best effort nature. A better solution will be toallocate bandwidth discriminatingly, that is, high priority trafficgets better service while low priority traffic gets reduced service.This paper presents the design, implementation and performance of anAdaptive Bandwidth Allocation scheme for Multimedia HandoverServices on an IP-based Radio Access Network of a UMTS CellularNetworks. The methodology adopted is classifying multimedia trafficinto different classes using differentiated service (DiffServ)scheme. This is then tested and validated through simulation inNetwork Simulator 2(NS-2).From the simulation results it has beenproven that the adaptive bandwidth allocation minimizes packetlosses and give high throughput than non- adaptive bandwidthallocation. It has also been observed that non- adaptive bandwidthallocation does not guarantee service when the network experiencecongestion due to increased traffic in a cell during handover. Aftercomparing the simulated results, its clear that adaptive bandwidthallocation is found to yield better performance than non- adaptivebandwidth allocation.