Usawiri wa mwonoulimwengu katika ngano za wandia

Abstract

IKISIRI (ABSTRACT) Utafiti huu ulilenga kuchunguza usawiri wa mwonoulimwengu wa Wandia katika ngano teule. Ngano zilizoteuliwa ni Kabindura, Wacuka, Kamwagirwa na Kibuyu cha baba, Muya na dada yake Cinji, Thigiti na Kanyonyo, Mkutano wa Wanyama wa porini na ndovu na fisi. Malengo ya utafiti yalikuwa kudhihirisha jinsi mwonoulimwengu wa kijamii, kiuchumi na kisiasa ulivyojitokeza katika ngano za Wandia na kutathmini jinsi sauti ya simulizi na mtazamo zilivyotumiwa kusimulia mwonoulimwengu katika ngano teule za Wandia. Utafiti huu uliongozwa na nadharia ya naratorojia iliyoasisiwa na Plato (428-348kk) na kundelezwa na Propp (1928),Tondorov (1969),Genette(1980) na Bal (1999). Nadharia ya naratolojia hutumika katika hadithi, mfuatano wa matukio kiusababishi, kutambua njia mbalimbali za usimulizi wa hadithi na kipengele cha wahusika. Mihimili ya nadharia ya naratojia ilisaidia utafiti huu katika kuhakiki mwonoulimwengu wa Wandia kwa kubainisha mbinu za usimulizi, nafasi ya wakala wa simulizi na mtazamo wa Fanani. Utafiti ulijikita nyanjani ambapo Wanjira wa Rukenya alitamba ngano kumi. Mbinu ya sampuli ya kimaksudi ilitumika katika uteuzi wa ngano sita zilizotumika katika utafiti huu. Ukusanyaji wa data ulitokana na usimulizi wa ngano teule uliotekelezwa na Fanani Wanjira wa Rukenya, unukuzi kwa lahaja ya Kindia na kutafsiri matini kwa Kiswahili Sanifu. Mafungu yaliyoonyesha vipengele vya mwonoulimwengu wa kijamii, kiuchumi na kisiasa yalinukuliwa kwa njia ya maelezo kulingana na malengo ya utafiti. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yalibainisha kuwa utunzi wa ngano teule ulikitwa kwenye tajriba ya Wandia ambayo ndiyo msingi wa fasiri wa mwonoulimwengu wao. Aidha, watunzi wa ngano teule walidhihirisha misimamo yao kiitikadi kuhusu suala la mwonoulimwengu wa Wandia. Utafiti utafaidi jamii ya wasomi kuelewa zaidi dhana ya mwonoulimwengu na nafasi yake katika utambulisho wa upekee wa jamii. Utafiti utaonyesha njia nyingine ya kuzichanganua ngano kwa kutumia nadharia ya naratolojia. Walimu wa Kiswahili katika shule za upili na vyuo vikuu watanufaika kwa kutumia tafsiri ya ngano hizi kufundishia fasihi simulizi. Aidha, hekima inayotokana na utafiti huu itakuwa nyongeza ya mchango kwa dafina ya maarifa ya fasihi simulizi ya Kiafrika. Utafiti ulipendekeza tafiti zaidi zifanywe ili kubainisha mwonoulimwengu katika vipera vingine vya fasihi simulizi. Hali kadhalika mwonoulimwengu unaweza kutafitiwa kwa kutumia nadharia zingine tofauti na naratolojia.

ABSTRACT(ENGLISH) This research aimed to investigate the worldview of the Ndia people as portrayed in their oral narratives. The selected oral narratives used in this research were Kabindura, Wacuka, Kamwagirwa and The Fathers Gourd, Muya and his sister Cinji, Thigiti and Kanyonyo, The meeting of the Wild Animals and The Elephant and The Hyena. The objectives of the study focuses on showing how social, economic and political worldview are depicted in Ndia oral narratives and to assess how the narrative voice and focalization were used in narration of worldview in Ndia oral narratives. The study was guided by the theory of narratology whose proponent is Plato (428-348BC) and developed by Propp (1928), Tondorov (1969), Genette (1980) and Bal (1999). The theory of narratology deals with the story, causative sequence of events, ways and means of narrating a story and the aspect of characterization. The tenets of narratology used in this research were to recognize different ways of narrating a story, the causative sequence of events, the narrative agent and the narrators ideology. The study was carried out in the field whereby narrator Wanjira wa Rukenya narrated ten oral narratives. Purposeful sampling method was used to obtain a sample of six oral narratives used in this research. Data was obtained through narration of selected oral narratives by Wanjira wa Rukenya, transcription in Kindia dialect and translation to Standard Swahili. Sentences that portayed aspects of social, economic and political worldviews were selected from the text. Data was analysed and presented through discourse according to the research objectives. The research findings confirmed that composition of the selected narratives was based on the experiences of the Ndia people which laid the basis for depiction of their worldview. On the other hand, composers of selected oral narratives revealed their ideological perspectives about the worldview of the Ndia people.The research will benefit researchers to understand better the concept of worldview and its place in identification and speciality of a community. The study shows another way of analyzing narratives using the theory of narratology. Kiswahili teachers in secondary schools and teachers in universities will benefit by using the selected oral narratives in teaching of oral narratives. The findings of this research will be an addition of contribution to knowledge of African Literature.